Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary blood disorder resulting from a genetic defect. Individuals acquire the condition from their biological parents. Consequently, infants born into families with a history of sickle cell disease face an elevated risk. For a child to manifest sickle cell anemia, both biological parents must carry the defective gene. If only one parent carries the gene, the child typically remains healthy but may become a carrier of the disease. When both parents are carriers of the sickle cell gene, each pregnancy carries a 25% probability that their child will inherit two copies of the gene and develop sickle cell anemia. In such cases, genetic counseling and advanced reproductive technologies, like in vitro fertilization (IVF) coupled with preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), can be considered to minimize the risk of having an affected child.