Cholesterol is an essential type of lipid produced by the liver in our bodies and also obtained through animal-based foods. However, excessive consumption of these foods and regular intake of trans fat-containing foods significantly contribute to the development of high cholesterol levels. Excessive weight (obesity) and lack of physical activity (sedentary lifestyle) are also major factors that negatively affect cholesterol levels; obesity is frequently associated with high triglyceride levels.

The main causes of elevated cholesterol can be summarized as follows:
* Lifestyle Factors: Insufficient physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity.
* Genetic Predisposition: A family history of high cholesterol.
* Medical Conditions and Medications: Various health issues such as hypothyroidism, liver diseases, non-infectious inflammatory kidney diseases, diabetes, and certain medications can lead to an increase in cholesterol levels.

High levels of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (bad cholesterol) in the blood constitute a serious health risk and are a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Similarly, low levels of HDL-cholesterol (good cholesterol) also pose a risk. These conditions increase the likelihood of serious cardiovascular events such as heart attack, stroke, and blocked arteries.