For adult patients with Type 1 diabetes, annual assessment of proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) should be performed starting from the 5th year after diabetes diagnosis. For patients with Type 2 diabetes, annual screening is recommended from the time of diagnosis. Patients should be referred to a nephrology specialist if there is a progressive decline in kidney function, detection of proteinuria exceeding 300 mg/day, or uncontrolled hypertension.