While stem cell application in the treatment of orthopedic and traumatological conditions is generally considered safe due to the rare occurrence of widespread and serious risks, like any medical procedure, it may involve potential complications.

Possible risks of stem cell application may include:
* Allergic reactions due to local or general anesthesia.
* Bleeding or bruising in the treated area.
* Potential for nerve or blood vessel damage.
* In rare cases, infection development at the application site.
* Development of swelling, tenderness to touch, or pain in the treated area.
* A specific condition for stem cell applications, particularly in treatments for cartilage repair, is the potential for transplanted cells to transform into undesirable cell types, for example, bone tissue instead of cartilage. Although rare, such ectopic bone formation may require a secondary surgical intervention.
* It should be noted that while some stem cell treatments (e.g., bone marrow transplants) may require immunosuppressive drugs, stem cell therapy applied in the treatment of orthopedic conditions generally does not require such drugs, thereby preventing associated risks like immune system suppression.

Patients are advised to seek medical attention if they experience any of the following after stem cell therapy:
* Excessive bleeding
* Drainage from the injection site
* Fever
* Pain not controlled by pain medication