Chickenpox symptoms typically emerge approximately three weeks after exposure to the varicella-zoster virus. Initial symptoms, often appearing one or two days before the rash, may include a mild fever (which can rise above 38°C), headache, sore throat, runny nose, loss of appetite, and general fatigue.
The most distinctive feature of the illness is an itchy, red skin rash. This rash progresses through several stages: initially appearing as small, raised bumps (papules), then developing into clear, fluid-filled blisters (vesicles) within 24-48 hours. These blisters eventually burst, scab over, and heal. New rashes may continue to emerge for about 5-7 days, meaning different stages of lesions (papules, vesicles, scabs) can be present simultaneously.
The rash usually begins on the trunk and scalp, then spreads to the face, armpits, upper arms, legs, and can even appear inside the mouth.
Other symptoms may include swollen lymph nodes and, in some cases, abdominal pain severe enough to hinder movement or eating.