Dysentery treatment primarily focuses on rehydration to compensate for fluid loss, which is crucial. Oral rehydration solutions are generally preferred. However, in cases of severe dehydration, especially if the patient is unable to consume adequate fluids and food orally due to severe nausea and vomiting, initial intravenous (IV) fluid administration may be required.

For severe forms of dysentery, treatment extends beyond fluid management to include therapy targeting the specific microbial pathogen. Amoebic dysentery is treated with antiparasitic medications, such as metronidazole, to eliminate the amoebae. In bacillary dysentery, antibiotics effective against Shigella bacteria are prescribed. It is important to note that antidiarrheal medications are generally not recommended in the treatment of dysentery. The necessity of antibiotic therapy will be determined by a physician, as some cases may resolve without them.