Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is contracted by consuming food or water contaminated with this bacterium. Once ingested, the bacteria multiply in the small intestine and release a substance called cholera toxin. This toxin causes the intestines to secrete excessive amounts of fluid and electrolytes (body salts), leading to severe, watery diarrhea. Rapid and excessive fluid loss can lead to dehydration and, if left untreated, death. Cholera does not usually spread directly from person to person; however, it can spread rapidly through food and water sources contaminated with infected feces. Therefore, meticulous adherence to comprehensive hand hygiene and general sanitation practices is of great importance to prevent the spread of the disease.