Disruptions to the body's fluid-electrolyte or acid-base balances can result in a variety of physiological disorders. Electrolyte imbalances typically involve abnormal levels of electrolytes such as sodium or potassium in the blood. They can also manifest as an excess of acids (like carbon dioxide), leading to a decrease in blood pH, or an excess of bases (like bicarbonate), causing an increase in blood pH. It is critical to recognize that all metabolic processes within the body are intimately dependent on pH. While body fluids generally maintain a pH between 5 and 8, arterial blood pH is precisely regulated within a narrow range of 7.35 to 7.45. Even slight deviations from this ideal range can lead to severe complications.