Derived from the Latin word 'albus' (white), albinism is a genetic condition characterized by the body producing very little or no melanin pigment. Melanin is the primary pigment responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes, and it is also critically important for the proper development of the optical nerves in the eyes. A partial or complete deficiency of melanin pigment can lead to a noticeable paleness in skin and hair color, as well as vision impairments. The signs of albinism are typically clearly observed in a person's skin, hair, and eye color. Individuals affected by albinism are extremely sensitive to sunlight; therefore, without adequate protection, their risk of skin cancer is higher compared to the general population.