Chemotherapy is administered with various therapeutic objectives, depending on the type and stage of cancer. These objectives include treating the disease, preventing tumor metastasis, slowing its growth, eradicating cancer cells that have spread from the primary organ to other parts of the body, and alleviating specific cancer-related symptoms. In some instances, chemotherapy may be the sole treatment option. Depending on the disease stage, it can be applied sequentially or concurrently with other treatment methods, such as surgery and radiotherapy. For example, chemotherapy may be given pre-operatively to reduce tumor size or post-operatively to eliminate any residual cancer cells and mitigate the risk of recurrence or spread. Similarly, chemotherapy can be administered before, after, or simultaneously with radiotherapy.