While the exact cause of pica syndrome has not yet been fully elucidated, it is recognized that numerous psychosocial, biochemical, and environmental factors play a role in its development. A strong correlation has been specifically identified between pica syndrome and deficiencies in iron, zinc, and calcium in children. Environmental factors such as low socioeconomic status, malnutrition, and child abuse/neglect increase the incidence of pica. Developmental and psychiatric conditions, including learning difficulties, autism spectrum disorder, depression, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, also elevate the risk of pica syndrome. It is also known that cultural and learned factors can be influential, as certain types of pica are socially accepted behaviors in specific cultures and religions. Psychological states like stress and anxiety may also contribute to the onset of the syndrome. However, it should be noted that pica syndrome can also be observed in children without any apparent underlying health problems.