Achalasia, a digestive system disorder, is typically diagnosed in individuals between 20 and 40 years of age. While it can occur in different age groups, approximately 5% of cases are observed in childhood. Although the exact cause of achalasia is not yet fully understood, a reduction in the number or dysfunction of ganglion (nerve) cells within the muscular layer at the lower end of the esophagus is considered the primary pathophysiological mechanism of the disease. Potential contributing factors that predispose to this condition include genetic predisposition, infectious agents, toxic exposures, and autoimmune processes.