Before deciding on knee replacement surgery, the patient's general health condition is assessed, and necessary examinations such as internal medicine and cardiology are performed to check for any additional health issues. The decision for surgery is made after a comprehensive evaluation of all the patient's complaints and health problems. Like all surgical procedures, knee replacement surgery carries its own specific risks.

Infection is one of the most common and undesirable risks that can be encountered in knee replacement surgeries.
The risk of blood clot formation in the veins (deep vein thrombosis) is less than 1%. To minimize this risk, patients are mobilized shortly after surgery and begin exercises. Additionally, special devices that support venous circulation may be used, and blood-thinning medications along with compression stockings are applied to prevent clot formation.
Long-term risks include the wear of the prosthesis.