Melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes found in the skin, hair, and eyes. A mutation in any of the genes involved can reduce or eliminate melanin production. Different types of albinism can arise depending on the mutations in different genes. Melanin normally absorbs UV light from the sun, protecting the skin from damage; increased melanin in the skin upon sun exposure causes tanning. In individuals with albinism, the lack/deficiency of melanin results in sunburn upon sun exposure. Due to the deficiency of melanin, which is also important in the development of the eye and optic nerve, changes in the neural connections between the retina and brain, a condition called foveal hypoplasia, can occur, leading to visual impairments.