Surgical interventions that alter the anatomy of the stomach or esophagus significantly increase the risk of dumping syndrome. While bariatric surgeries, particularly gastric bypass, are frequently implicated, other gastrointestinal procedures such as those for gastric or esophageal cancer also carry this risk. Specifically, these include:
* Partial or total gastrectomy (removal of part or all of the stomach).
* Surgeries for morbid obesity, especially gastric bypass.
* Esophageal surgeries.