The initial step in diagnosing pulmonary fibrosis (lung hardening) is a physical examination by a specialist physician. Following the physical examination, if pulmonary fibrosis is still suspected, a chest X-ray may be performed. While a chest X-ray can be useful for monitoring disease progression and evaluating treatment response, it is generally insufficient for definitive diagnosis. For a conclusive diagnosis and to determine the extent of the disease, a high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan is performed on the patient. HRCT provides detailed information on the degree and distribution of lung damage caused by pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, echocardiography (heart ultrasound) may be requested to assess and monitor complications such as right-sided heart failure and pulmonary hypertension (increased pressure in the right side of the heart), which can arise in advanced stages of the disease.