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Neuropathy is commonly caused by injury, infection, diseases such as diabetes, medication use, toxins, vitamin deficiency, metabolic or hereditary conditions.
Common causes of neuropathy include:
**Diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus):**
This is among the most frequent causes of peripheral neuropathy. High blood sugar triggers certain metabolic processes, causing blockages in the blood vessels that nourish the nerves. The accumulation of metabolic byproducts on the nerves leads to oxygen deficiency and impaired blood supply to the nerves, causing neuropathy. This process damages the main nerve trunks, nerve endings, and the sheaths surrounding the nerves. In Turkey, 14 out of every 100 people have diabetes. At least half of diabetic patients are likely to develop neuropathy.
**Vitamin B12, Folic Acid, or other B vitamin deficiencies:**
Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to forgetfulness and dementia over time. Additionally, it can cause peripheral neuropathy, particularly in sensory nerves, and damage to the spinal cord.
**Chemotherapy drugs:**
Chemotherapy drugs used in cancer treatment can cause neuropathy.
**Intoxications:**
Exposure to pesticides, thinners, solvents, mercury, and lead can cause peripheral neuropathy.
**Cancer:**
Certain substances secreted by cancer cells can damage nerves. Sometimes, neuropathy symptoms appear before a cancer diagnosis is made.
**Excessive alcohol consumption:**
Excessive alcohol consumption is a cause of neuropathy, particularly in the lower extremities, characterized by sensory deficits and involvement of small-diameter fibers.
**Chronic kidney failure:**
Elevated urea levels in the blood and electrolyte (Na, K, Ca, Mg) imbalances due to kidney failure can cause neuropathy.
**Liver failure:**
Cirrhosis resulting from liver failure can lead to neuropathy.
**Infections:**
Infections associated with nerves, such as shingles, HIV, Lyme disease, CMV, and EBV, can cause neuropathy.
**Connective tissue diseases:**
Neuropathy can occur in rheumatic diseases. Neuropathy is very common in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, PAN, and SLE.
**Hereditary neuropathies:**
These neuropathies, developing due to hereditary causes, begin in childhood and progress. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is one of the most common examples.
What Causes Neuropathy?
Common causes of neuropathy include:
**Diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus):**
This is among the most frequent causes of peripheral neuropathy. High blood sugar triggers certain metabolic processes, causing blockages in the blood vessels that nourish the nerves. The accumulation of metabolic byproducts on the nerves leads to oxygen deficiency and impaired blood supply to the nerves, causing neuropathy. This process damages the main nerve trunks, nerve endings, and the sheaths surrounding the nerves. In Turkey, 14 out of every 100 people have diabetes. At least half of diabetic patients are likely to develop neuropathy.
**Vitamin B12, Folic Acid, or other B vitamin deficiencies:**
Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to forgetfulness and dementia over time. Additionally, it can cause peripheral neuropathy, particularly in sensory nerves, and damage to the spinal cord.
**Chemotherapy drugs:**
Chemotherapy drugs used in cancer treatment can cause neuropathy.
**Intoxications:**
Exposure to pesticides, thinners, solvents, mercury, and lead can cause peripheral neuropathy.
**Cancer:**
Certain substances secreted by cancer cells can damage nerves. Sometimes, neuropathy symptoms appear before a cancer diagnosis is made.
**Excessive alcohol consumption:**
Excessive alcohol consumption is a cause of neuropathy, particularly in the lower extremities, characterized by sensory deficits and involvement of small-diameter fibers.
**Chronic kidney failure:**
Elevated urea levels in the blood and electrolyte (Na, K, Ca, Mg) imbalances due to kidney failure can cause neuropathy.
**Liver failure:**
Cirrhosis resulting from liver failure can lead to neuropathy.
**Infections:**
Infections associated with nerves, such as shingles, HIV, Lyme disease, CMV, and EBV, can cause neuropathy.
**Connective tissue diseases:**
Neuropathy can occur in rheumatic diseases. Neuropathy is very common in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, PAN, and SLE.
**Hereditary neuropathies:**
These neuropathies, developing due to hereditary causes, begin in childhood and progress. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is one of the most common examples.