Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*. It typically affects the lungs and spreads from person to person through airborne droplets released when an infected individual coughs or sneezes. TB is not highly contagious; transmission usually requires prolonged and close contact with an infected person. Individuals with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to TB. The disease is prevalent in certain geographical regions, particularly in parts of Africa, and travel to these areas can pose a risk. Furthermore, conditions that compromise the immune system, such as HIV/AIDS, significantly increase the risk of developing tuberculosis.