Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium *Vibrio cholerae*. The disease is characterized by severe diarrhea and dehydration.

Cholera is more common in underdeveloped countries lacking adequate sanitation and clean water sources. While virtually eradicated in industrialized nations with modern sanitation and water treatment infrastructure, it persists in less developed countries such as those in Africa, Southeast Asia, and Haiti. Prevention relies on access to clean water sources, personal hygiene, and caution regarding food and drink in areas with poor sanitation.

Common symptoms of cholera include diarrhea and dehydration. Dehydration means the body is losing fluids. Rarely, and particularly in severe cases, shock and seizures can occur. Severe dehydration from watery diarrhea can be fatal, making prompt medical treatment crucial. Treatment for cholera includes rehydration, intravenous fluids, and antibiotics.