Surgical intervention may be necessary for flatfoot treatment if deemed appropriate by the physician. In such cases, the deformity can be corrected by applying one or more surgical methods simultaneously. Surgical treatment options may include:
* Correction of Vertical Talus: Surgical correction can be performed in cases of congenital abnormal positioning of the ankle bone (talus).
* Treatment of Tarsal Coalition: Surgical separation of fused bones (tarsal coalition) that develop due to improper bone development during childhood and lead to flatfoot.
* Removal of Bone Spurs: Surgical removal of bone spurs (osteophytes) that develop due to flatfoot.
* Bone Reshaping and Joint Fusion:
* Osteotomies: Correcting the anatomical structure of the foot by cutting and realigning bones (e.g., column lengthening osteotomy, calcaneal displacement osteotomy).
* Arthrodesis: Giving the foot a stable shape by fusing specific joints.
* Tendon Sheath Cleaning (Synovectomy): Surgical cleaning of swollen or diseased tendon sheaths.
* Tendon Transfer: Supporting the functional alignment and correction of the foot's shape by detaching a tendon from its original attachment point and transferring it to another bone or tendon structure.