The bacterium responsible for causing cholera is *Vibrio cholerae*. Consumption of food or water contaminated with this bacterium leads to cholera due to toxins released by the bacteria in the small intestine. These toxins cause the intestines to secrete large amounts of fluid, resulting in diarrhea and rapid fluid and electrolyte (body salts) loss. Severe cases of cholera, due to the severity of these losses, can be fatal.

When a person consumes food or water containing *Vibrio cholerae*, the bacteria multiply within the body. These bacteria then cause the small intestines to secrete (leak) fluid, leading to diarrhea that is extremely watery. Cholera is not usually spread directly from person to person but can contaminate food through feces. Therefore, handwashing and hygiene are crucial to prevent the spread of the disease.