Lung cancer and its associated mortalities are predominantly linked to tobacco consumption. Cigarette smoking is the foremost risk factor, yet a significant portion, approximately 15%, of all lung cancer cases are diagnosed in individuals who have never smoked. Exposure to secondhand smoke also substantially elevates the risk of developing lung cancer. Discontinuing smoking can reduce the risk of lung cancer by up to 50% within a decade. Tobacco products such as cigarettes, pipes, cigars, and hookahs are established as primary carcinogenic agents. Beyond tobacco, other crucial factors contribute to lung cancer development, including genetic predisposition, inhalation of harmful environmental substances like asbestos, radon gas, and significant air pollution. Prior medical interventions such as radiation therapy to the chest, certain chronic pulmonary diseases like tuberculosis, and elevated levels of arsenic in drinking water are also recognized risk factors. The recent increase in lung cancer incidence, particularly among women, is also correlated with rising rates of tobacco use within this group.