The sophistication of neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) plays a crucial role in the incidence rates of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Advanced care conditions provided in developed countries enable early diagnosis and effective treatment of this condition. In contrast, in developing countries, due to inadequate healthcare infrastructure and the lack of regular screening protocols, ROP cases are often detected late, leading to an increased rate of vision loss in infants. Furthermore, despite timely follow-up and treatments, some aggressive forms of ROP may progress, and it may not always be possible to completely prevent vision loss.