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Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction requiring urgent and critical intervention. The first and most important treatment in such a situation is an epinephrine injection. In addition to administering epinephrine, there are crucial steps to follow when an anaphylactic reaction occurs.
In suspected cases of anaphylaxis, the patient should be laid on their back with their legs elevated above torso level. This position is vital for supporting circulation. Remaining in a sitting or standing position can increase the risk of "Empty Ventricle Syndrome" and lead to fatal outcomes. Pregnant patients should be positioned on their left side, and those experiencing nausea or vomiting should be laid with their head turned to the side.
Contact with the trigger must be immediately severed. In the case of a bee sting, the stinger should be removed without squeezing or breaking it; if food allergy is suspected, the inside of the mouth should be cleaned; and if an intravenously administered medication is the trigger, its administration should be stopped at once.
The primary medication forming the basis of treatment is an epinephrine injection. Individuals who have previously experienced anaphylaxis are strongly advised to always carry their adrenaline auto-injector.
As supportive care, oxygen supplementation should be provided, an intravenous line should be established, and other necessary medications should be administered according to the patient's signs and symptoms.
Even if signs and symptoms completely resolve after rapid emergency intervention, monitoring of patients is essential due to the potential risk of "biphasic anaphylaxis." Patients presenting with respiratory complaints should be observed in a hospital setting for 6-8 hours, and those with circulatory disturbance for 12-24 hours.
How is Anaphylaxis Treated?
In suspected cases of anaphylaxis, the patient should be laid on their back with their legs elevated above torso level. This position is vital for supporting circulation. Remaining in a sitting or standing position can increase the risk of "Empty Ventricle Syndrome" and lead to fatal outcomes. Pregnant patients should be positioned on their left side, and those experiencing nausea or vomiting should be laid with their head turned to the side.
Contact with the trigger must be immediately severed. In the case of a bee sting, the stinger should be removed without squeezing or breaking it; if food allergy is suspected, the inside of the mouth should be cleaned; and if an intravenously administered medication is the trigger, its administration should be stopped at once.
The primary medication forming the basis of treatment is an epinephrine injection. Individuals who have previously experienced anaphylaxis are strongly advised to always carry their adrenaline auto-injector.
As supportive care, oxygen supplementation should be provided, an intravenous line should be established, and other necessary medications should be administered according to the patient's signs and symptoms.
Even if signs and symptoms completely resolve after rapid emergency intervention, monitoring of patients is essential due to the potential risk of "biphasic anaphylaxis." Patients presenting with respiratory complaints should be observed in a hospital setting for 6-8 hours, and those with circulatory disturbance for 12-24 hours.