Polysomnography (PSG), commonly known as a sleep test, is a comprehensive recording procedure performed overnight to evaluate sleep quality and diagnose the underlying causes of various sleep disorders. During this test, critical physiological parameters such as brain waves (EEG), eye movements (EOG), muscle activity (EMG), heart rhythm (ECG), respiratory airflow, respiratory effort, blood oxygen levels, snoring frequency and intensity, body movements, and sleep positions are meticulously recorded.

PSG plays a significant role in diagnosing numerous sleep disorders, including snoring, sleep apnea, periodic limb movement disorder, sleep-related eating disorders, nocturnal epileptic seizures, and bruxism (teeth grinding).

Specifically, the Electroencephalography (EEG) recording integrated into polysomnography monitors the brain's electrical activity to record the sleep-wake cycle, sleep stages, and any brain functional dysfunctions that may emerge during sleep. This data is comprehensively analyzed by physicians, enabling a precise diagnosis and the formulation of an appropriate treatment plan.