Pes planus, also known as flat feet, is a condition affecting the human foot and ankle. The human foot and ankle contain 26 bones and numerous joints holding these bones together. Dozens of muscles, tendons, and ligaments also support the foot's structure. When viewed from the bottom, the adult human foot shows transverse and longitudinal depressions called arches. The structure of these arches determines how weight is distributed and impacts walking. The arches need to be strong and flexible to adapt to stress and various surfaces. Pes planus is defined as the absence or reduction of these arches. In flat feet, the foot's ability to distribute body weight across three points is impaired, potentially leading to various biomechanical problems.