There is no direct cure for aphasia. Treatment for aphasia focuses first on treating the underlying condition that caused it. For stroke, brain tumor, or brain hemorrhage, quickly restoring blood flow to the affected area of the brain can sometimes limit or prevent permanent aphasia damage.

Effective treatment to regain speech and comprehension functions, particularly for aphasia, is speech and language therapy. For individuals with prolonged or permanent brain damage, such as from severe stroke, speech therapy can sometimes help improve a person's language skills. These therapy options also contribute to the person's ability to understand others.