Type 1 diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic autoimmune disease. In this condition, the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body produces very little or no insulin at all. Insulin is a vital hormone that allows the sugar (glucose) from the food we eat to enter cells and be converted into energy.
When there isn't enough insulin, blood sugar levels rise, leading to hyperglycemia. This prevents the body from using glucose for energy. Type 1 diabetes typically develops in childhood and adolescence.
Currently, there is no definitive cure for type 1 diabetes. However, it can be effectively managed and controlled with regular insulin therapy, medications, careful nutrition, and lifestyle changes. If left untreated, it can lead to serious health problems.