Colon cancer is a type of cancer that arises from the abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation of cells lining the inner surface of the large intestine. The large intestine constitutes the final section of the digestive system, playing a role in breaking down and eliminating digested food. The colon and rectum are the main parts of the large intestine. Although this cancer can occur at any age, it is generally more common in older adults. It often begins as small, non-cancerous cellular growths called "polyps" on the inner surface of the large intestine. Over time, some of these polyps can transform into cancer. Since polyps typically do not cause any symptoms, regular screening tests are vitally important. Early detection and removal of polyps before they become cancerous is a critical step in preventing colon cancer. Colon cancer is also known by the broader term "colorectal cancer," which encompasses cancer starting in the rectum as well.