Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the membrane that lines the inside of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye. This condition is commonly known as 'pink eye'. The main causes of conjunctivitis include:
1. Infections: Infections caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses (e.g., viral conjunctivitis developing after the flu), or fungi.
2. Allergies: Exposure to allergens such as pollen, dust, or pet dander.
3. Irritating Factors: Contact with chemicals, environmental irritants like smoke or dust, or foreign bodies entering the eye.
4. Contact Lens Use: Improper or prolonged use of contact lenses, lens wear and tear, or lack of hygiene.
5. Dry Eye Syndrome: Dryness and irritation on the eye surface due to reduced tear production can lead to conjunctivitis.
These factors cause inflammation in the conjunctiva, leading to symptoms such as redness, itching, watering, or discharge from the eye.