Kleptomania typically manifests during adolescence or young adulthood, though it can also emerge later in life. Approximately two-thirds of diagnosed individuals are women.

A family history of kleptomania, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or substance use disorder (e.g., in a first-degree relative like a parent or sibling) may increase the risk.

Co-occurring psychological conditions are frequently observed in individuals with kleptomania, such as bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, substance use disorders, or personality disorders.