Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy despite regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. Often, symptoms of infertility may not be noticed until couples decide to have children and experience this challenge. Infertility symptoms can manifest differently in women and men.

Key infertility symptoms observed in women include:
* Inability to achieve pregnancy after one year or more of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse (for women over 35, this period may be reduced to six months).
* Irregular, painful, or absent menstrual periods.
* Recurrent miscarriages.
* Signs of hormonal imbalance such as excessive hair growth, acne, or hair loss.
* Pelvic pain.

Key infertility symptoms observed in men include:
* Inability to achieve pregnancy after one year or more of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse.
* Erectile dysfunction or ejaculation problems.
* Decreased sexual desire.
* Swelling, pain, or a lump in the testicles.
* A history of previous unsuccessful pregnancies or known genetic issues can also increase the risk of infertility.