Hormone receptor tests evaluate the presence and quantity of specific proteins, known as hormone receptors, found on the surface or inside cancer cells. Natural body hormones like estrogen and progesterone can bind to these receptors, stimulating the growth of cancer cells. A positive test result indicates that cancer cell growth is influenced by hormones, and hormone therapy may potentially be beneficial. Conversely, a negative test result means that hormones do not significantly affect cancer growth, and in such cases, alternative treatment options are explored.