A perianal fistula is a condition where an abscess, formed due to an infection of the anal glands in the perianal region, connects to the skin surface via a channel. Among the most common conditions in the perianal area are hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and perianal fistulas. The terms anal fissure and perianal fistula are often confused in society due to their phonetic similarities. An anal fissure is a temporary tear or crack in the anal skin, typically resulting from factors like strenuous defecation. In contrast, a perianal fistula is an abnormal tunnel (tract) that forms when an abscess, usually of cryptoglandular origin, develops due to the blockage and infection of anal glands, extending towards the skin surface around the anus. This tunnel connects the infected gland to the abscessed area and then to the skin. These abscesses may rupture spontaneously over time, leading to a continuous discharge of pus from around the anus, or they may be drained in a controlled manner by a specialist when a patient seeks medical attention due to severe pain and discomfort.