Oligospermia is a condition in men characterized by a sperm count below the normal range. According to the sperm parameters established by the World Health Organization (WHO) since 2010, having a sperm count below 15 million per milliliter is defined as oligospermia. Oligospermia is one of the leading causes of male infertility, and factors such as varicocele, various infections, and exposure to environmental chemicals can contribute to it. The treatment approach is based on identifying and addressing the underlying cause.