Bone marrow transplantation (also known as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) is an important medical treatment performed when the patient's bone marrow is unable to produce healthy blood cells or function properly. This condition can arise due to various reasons such as chronic infections, genetic disorders, various hematological diseases, or cancer treatments (e.g., high-dose chemotherapy or radiation). Bone marrow transplants can provide significant benefits in the treatment of the following diseases:

Acute leukemia
Adrenoleukodystrophy
Aplastic anemia
Bone marrow failure syndromes
Chronic leukemia
Hemoglobinopathies
Hodgkin lymphoma
Immune deficiencies
Inborn errors of metabolism
Multiple myeloma
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Neuroblastoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Plasma cell disorders
POEMS syndrome
Primary amyloidosis
Refractory or relapsed solid organ tumors