The diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is established through a comprehensive eye examination. Infants born prematurely or with a low birth weight are typically referred for an ophthalmic evaluation by a neonatologist approximately 28 days after birth. During the initial examination, an ophthalmologist uses an indirect ophthalmoscope to thoroughly inspect the retina at the back of the eye. The frequency of subsequent follow-up examinations is determined based on the presence and severity of ROP findings. If no high-risk indicators for ROP are observed, the infant is monitored bi-weekly until retinal vascularization is complete. However, if signs of ROP develop, a more intensive follow-up schedule is implemented, ranging from weekly to every 2-3 days, depending on the severity and stage of the condition, with immediate treatment administered as needed.