Piriformis syndrome can be confused with other conditions due to its similar symptoms, which can make its diagnosis challenging. To accurately diagnose it, a specialist doctor will first thoroughly assess your symptoms and daily activity habits. They will review your medical history to determine if you have any history of injury or trauma. During a physical examination, they will check for pain and tenderness in your hip, leg, and lower back areas. In addition to these evaluations, the doctor may request the following imaging or diagnostic tests for a definitive diagnosis of piriformis syndrome: Ultrasound, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Electromyography (EMG).