Lifestyle changes and medical interventions play a critical role in clearing or halting the progression of plaques in the heart arteries. Factors contributing to the formation of arterial plaques are divided into two main categories: modifiable and non-modifiable. Non-modifiable factors include gender, age, and genetic predisposition, while modifiable risk factors encompass high cholesterol, smoking and alcohol consumption, high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes, a sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy eating habits.

During the treatment process, cholesterol-lowering and blood-thinning medications are often prescribed. Lifestyle modifications should include adopting regular physical activity, limiting the consumption of excessively fatty and processed foods, and establishing a healthy and balanced diet. Maintaining weight control, strictly managing high blood pressure and diabetes, and consistently taking medications are essential. Smoking and alcohol consumption should be strictly avoided. For men over 45 and women over 55, regular review of risk factors and systematic health check-ups are strongly recommended.