Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) is an inflammatory disease that can affect various parts of the body, including the heart, joints, brain, and skin. It typically develops when streptococcal throat, scarlet fever, or skin infections are not adequately treated. Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD), often referred to as 'kalp romatizması', is a severe, long-term complication where the heart valves sustain permanent damage due to recurrent or severe episodes of rheumatic fever.