Derived from the Latin word "albus" meaning white, albinism is a genetic disorder characterized by little or no production of the pigment melanin. Melanin, produced by the body, determines the color of skin, hair, and eyes, and is also important for the development of the optic nerves in the eyes. Partial or complete lack of melanin in the body causes albinism, resulting in pale skin and hair, and vision impairment. The symptoms of albinism are most noticeably observed in the patient's skin, hair, and eye color. Because albinos are much more sensitive to sunlight, their risk of skin cancer is higher than that of individuals with normal melanin production if precautions are not taken.